Information Technology Service Management (ITSM) Processes. 1) Service Request Management Focuses on requests and responses for the IT help-desk items. The processes should be established and uniform. To reduce the workload on agents, organization may consider implementing self service options or chat-bots. 2) Service Catalogs Generally Service Catalogs is a central location/webpage with all the details for contacting the help-desk. It may also contain the self service options and solutions for common problems/issues. 3) Knowledge,Policy and Procedures. This is the knowledge base which controls the collection, maintenance and distribution of information sharing throughout the organization. It shall include the policies, standards, guidelines and the operating procedures for each process or tasks. 4) Incident Management. Defines process on how to handle a situation when an incident happens and how to fix the situation in an accelerated and organized manner. The objective is to reduce t
Netcat is one of the most powerful and useful tool for testing and debugging the network and protocol connectivity.
Though administrators use this tool for troubleshooting, the attackers can use this for malicious intentions such as establishing a backdoor connectivity, transferring files, scanning ports etc.
Netcat can act as in client-server mode as well. This tool is available for both Windows and Linux.
Lets go through the five most common usage of netcat commands.
1) Check whether the port is Open.
For checking TCP ports :-
#nc -v <IP or Domain name> <port number>
Eg: nc -v www.jaacostan.com 80
For checking UDP ports:-
#nc -vu www.jaacostan.com 53 //where "u" in "-uv" represents UDP.
2) For doing Port Scans
#nc -vzu <IP or Website> <port range>
eg: #nc -vz www.jaacostan.com 100-200
for scanning the opened UDP ports,
#nc -vzu www.jaacostan.com 100-200 //where "u" in "-uzv" represents UDP.
3) Netcat as aClient Server.
Once netcat is installed on a system whose IP is 192.168.1.10,
#nc -l 4444 // executing this command will open up a port listening on 4444.
from another machine, establish a connection with the server.
#nc 192.168.1.10 4444.
4) Transfer a file.
On the server, open a port 4444.
#nc -l 4444 > output // any data receives on this port will be saved on file called named as "output"
In the client, create a sample file. here i created "jaa".
From the client, send the contents of file "jaa".
#cat jaa | nc 192.168.1.1 4444 //Transfer the contents of the file "jaa" to the server.
5) Bind a program to a port and access it.
Bind a program, here CMD to the port number 4444.
#nc -nlvp 4444 -e cmd.exe
establish a connection with the server on port 4444.
#nc -nv 192.168.1.10 4444
This will open up a CMD prompt of server from the client machine.
Though administrators use this tool for troubleshooting, the attackers can use this for malicious intentions such as establishing a backdoor connectivity, transferring files, scanning ports etc.
Netcat can act as in client-server mode as well. This tool is available for both Windows and Linux.
Lets go through the five most common usage of netcat commands.
1) Check whether the port is Open.
For checking TCP ports :-
#nc -v <IP or Domain name> <port number>
Eg: nc -v www.jaacostan.com 80
For checking UDP ports:-
#nc -vu www.jaacostan.com 53 //where "u" in "-uv" represents UDP.
2) For doing Port Scans
#nc -vzu <IP or Website> <port range>
eg: #nc -vz www.jaacostan.com 100-200
for scanning the opened UDP ports,
#nc -vzu www.jaacostan.com 100-200 //where "u" in "-uzv" represents UDP.
3) Netcat as aClient Server.
Once netcat is installed on a system whose IP is 192.168.1.10,
#nc -l 4444 // executing this command will open up a port listening on 4444.
from another machine, establish a connection with the server.
#nc 192.168.1.10 4444.
4) Transfer a file.
On the server, open a port 4444.
#nc -l 4444 > output // any data receives on this port will be saved on file called named as "output"
In the client, create a sample file. here i created "jaa".
From the client, send the contents of file "jaa".
#cat jaa | nc 192.168.1.1 4444 //Transfer the contents of the file "jaa" to the server.
5) Bind a program to a port and access it.
Bind a program, here CMD to the port number 4444.
#nc -nlvp 4444 -e cmd.exe
establish a connection with the server on port 4444.
#nc -nv 192.168.1.10 4444
This will open up a CMD prompt of server from the client machine.